Tuesday, March 31, 2020

world of innovation - Cumberland Advisors Guest Commentary - Maybe the World is not Ending! - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail

Cumberland Advisors Guest Commentary - Maybe the World is not Ending! - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail



We do see a world of innovation in the aftermath of the virus.  The shift to online retail consumption and delivery has advanced significantly as many brick and mortar operations are closed – and many will remain so.  The same is true of office space, where firms will certainly re-evaluate the importance of having everyone in one place – especially in densely populated areas where rents are highest.  Office space’s future may look like retail real estate now.  Will workers get to write off half their rent (or will firms pay it) if they work from home?   There are huge tax implications ahead.  Schools are also likely to see substantial changes.  Some will make up the time recently lost.  Others will not.  Summer school, online schools, testing, grades and graduation are all likely to face innovations.  And changes may be coming to higher education as well, as its dependence on foreign students faces an uncertain future.




The virus and the homeless - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail

The virus and the homeless - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail



Our take on the latest developments

The coronavirus creates new problems and amplifies old ones. One example: U.S. hospitals have long struggled to safely discharge patients who are homeless. That already difficult calculation becomes agonizing when the need to isolate patients collides with the pandemic’s strain on the health-care system.
If a homeless person has Covid-19 but doesn’t require hospitalization, doctors can send the patient to a shelter or the streets, where they might spread the virus, or keep them in the hospital, occupying a bed that others need. Either path could exacerbate the virus’s toll. The CDC has recommended isolation housing for the homeless with Covid-19, and some places are trying to create it.
Now think about all the social problems the U.S. faced three months ago before anyone had ever heard of Covid-19: Half a million homeless. More than 2 million incarcerated. Tens of millions with untreated mental health or addiction problems. Almost 28 million uninsured. And 40% of households with less than $400 in emergency savings.
These aren’t small nuisances at the edges of the pandemic. They’re social problems deep at the core of America in 2020. Each compounds the challenge of responding to the virus, and each one may be aggravated by the pandemic and the economic chaos that’s already underway.
Just as the virus poses the greatest threat to individuals with other health problems, perhaps a society’s existing illnesses magnify the damage it may inflict. We don’t yet know how great that will be. But it isn’t too soon to ask: What does healing look like?—John Tozzi

5 things to start your day - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail

5 things to start your day - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail



 Not every country can afford the social safety nets that a lockdown requires and even those that can won't be able to help every citizen. The coronavirus is about life and death as well as livelihoods, intensifying the fear people felt during the depths of the financial crisis. Enforced isolation fuels stress and tension. Some potential flashpoints are easy to see and distressing to contemplate — the virus ravaging Venezuela, India or Syria are examples. But other locations might surprise. Social disorder, mass migration, political conflict are some of the possibilities, though hopefully not inevitable. But the coronavirus has made much of the world a tinderbox — and its ignition could spark a fresh wave of risk aversion in global markets.

Monday, March 30, 2020

25 Photos of Madeira's Dreamy Fanal Forest by Albert Dros

25 Photos of Madeira's Dreamy Fanal Forest by Albert Dros



Fanal Forest by Albert Dros

In the morning, fog rolls through the forest and envelopes the trees in mist.

Fanal Forest in MadieraFanal Forest in FogDawn in the ForestMysterious ForestEarly Morning Mist in the Forest

Landscape photographer Albert Dros also captured a unique perspective of the forest under the stars.




The Portuguese mystery facing the covid-19

The Portuguese mystery facing the covid-19





Monday, March 30, 2020by Anthony Bellanger
The Portuguese mystery facing the covid-19
3 minutes
Podcast The Portuguese mystery facing the covid-19

Portugal is relatively spared from the epidemic ... The
Portuguese are admittedly confined, but no sanctions, no attestation of
displacement.


Portuguese on the balcony, March 28, 2020
Portuguese on the balcony, March 28, 2020

Portuguese on the balcony, March 28, 2020 © AFP / Jorge
Mantilla / NurPhoto / NurPhoto
There is a Portuguese mystery that we will try to solve
together. The mystery is this: while Spain is severely confined and the Spanish
government has just decreed the cessation of all non-essential economic
activity ... the Portuguese are admittedly confined, public places are closed
but no sanctions, nor a travel certificate. When questioned, the Portuguese
Prime Minister, António Costa, replied: "The Portuguese are so disciplined
that repression is useless".

One might therefore think that Portugal is going to the
front of the catastrophe . Nothing could be more wrong: while Spain has 6,733
victims of the coronavirus, Portugal has only 119, that is to say, in
proportion to their respective populations, 11 times less.

Tracks to unravel this Portuguese mystery
The first explanation is geographic: Portugal is the only
country on the European continent to have only one neighbor, in this case
Spain. It is therefore the only European country for which the early closure of
its borders has been effective.

Second explanation: the country lives a lot from tourism .
Covid-19 is rife outside the tourist season. So, Portugal did not have to face
a wave of imported cases, just to manage a small stock of somewhat lonely
visitors in the middle of winter.

Third explanation, its geographical location in the far west
of Europe has allowed Lisbon to see the future. That is to say that the
epidemic - and its rising face - started later than for Spain, France or Italy.

Portuguese benefited from lessons from other countries
Portugal isolated itself at the same time as us, on March
13, while a number of cases on its territory could still be counted on the
fingers of two hands. But above all, António Costa is right: the Portuguese are
self-disciplined.

Looking at the news from Italy, France and especially Spain,
from the end of February, many Portuguese migrated to their country houses to
isolate themselves, stopped going out to bars and restaurants and withdrew
their school children.

As a result, many schools were closed even before the
government injunction for lack of students. The same goes for certain
businesses, especially in the centers of the country's major cities: they had
anticipated the closing order for lack of customers.

The Portuguese are therefore ahead ... are there more
structural reasons?
First, there is government continuity which the Spanish
cannot take advantage of. The current left coalition has been in power in
Lisbon since 2015. Spain, in the same period, had four general elections.

Not to mention the institutional crisis in Catalonia. Then,
unlike Spain, Portugal emerged from austerity much earlier and successfully.
Less austerity, fewer cuts to public health , a better prepared country.

This also authorizes Lisbon to be generous: on March 28,
Lisbon decided to regularize all migrants who have submitted a residence permit
and automatically renew residence permits that expire.

Generosity but also measure of public health: by
regularizing everyone, the government gives access to all the population
residing in Portugal to the free and universal health system: everyone protects
everyone from Covid-19.

Sunday, March 29, 2020

Saturday, March 28, 2020

mish - Nothing is Working Now: What's Next for America?

Nothing is Working Now: What's Next for America?

What follows are my notes of Bianco's opinions, followed by my own comments at the end.

Again, these are MY Notes on what Jim said. Apologies for any translation errors.
What Happened?

In two words "Massive Revaluation".

We woke up in February and the market said "Oops, everything is at the wrong price and I will correct that immediately."

Mish

Eventually, the coronavirus depression will subside. But what will America look like when it does?
Jim Bianco "This virus is the event of this generation. In the future, we will refer to this as pre-virus, post-virus."
Jim Bianco at Bianco Research made a fantastic, educational presentation last week on where we are and where we are going.
The presentation is 1 hour and 8 minutes in length. Playing it will be one of the best 68 minutes you have ever spent.

Why Fixed Income Locked Up
When the panic selling started, the dealers bought, bought, and bought, but then hit the limits of what they could hold on their balance sheet. This is more important in fixed income because fixed income operates under a dealer system.

The Fed realized the dealers don't have the capacity to make markets. The Fed offered them a repo facility. The Fed can wave its rules, but banks are also under BIS, Basel-3 capital requirements FDIC, OCC, etc., regulations.

The Fed said ignore the rules. The banks responded "You told me that in 2008, then you fined me $19 billion for buying WaMu after you told me to do it. So, I want a letter from the DOJ indemnifying me."

When that did not happen, the bond market froze up.

Bond Market ETF to NAV


  • ​The Fed, BOE, BOJ all doing the same thing over and over again and it isn't working. Why? We still have the wrong prices!
  • The bond ETFs have liquidity but the actual bond market doesn't. The discount to NAV suggests the price is wrong.
  • When prices get low enough bids and offers will emerge.
  • Dealers don't want to get there now because they do not want a 2008 type of loss in the first quarter.
  • But look at the bank stock index. It is down 50%. Because mark-to-market rules have been suspended banks won't record these losses, but they are real.
What's Next? Twenty Things
  1. These scars will last a generation. A huge change in attitudes is underway.
  2. Credit ETFs are telling us lower. How will we know when prices are correct? When natural buyers come in, not when the Fed supports asset prices. As goes the credit market – so goes the stock market. Expect a massive wave of BBB downgrades.
  3. The jobs reports in April and May will be the worst in history.
  4. Earnings Negative For the Year. 1800-2000 Might be Fair Value on S&P 500.
  5. New Way of Business
  6. Crude will continue to glut until supply is taken out of the market. The Saudis want to burn Russia, Iran, and US frackers. Crude Trades Net of Storage and Transportation Costs. The lowest price crude is oil sands in Canada. Closed at $8 last Wednesday.
  7. China has Suffered Permanent Damage. The Chinese economic miracle is done.
  8. Gold and Silver Struggle Until We Find the Equilibrium Level
  9. Huge Change in Risk Parity. The relationship between stocks and bonds broke. They are now likely to rise and fall together eliminating use of one or the other as a hedge. There is only one trade that works: Liquidation. Risk parity is done as an idea because the stock-bond relationship is no longer stable.
  10. Gargantuan deficits. The trillion dollar deficits of today will look like balanced budgets compared to what's coming next.
  11. Even as an Austrian Libertarian, we need fiscal stimulus like we have never seen before, because if we don't see it, we will rerun the Great Depression. We are in a world of least bad options. If there was a good option, the markets would not have fallen as far as they did, as fast as they did.
  12. Managing earnings ends. Corporate buybacks are gone. That's why we won't get back to the old highs.
  13. Less globalization. Less risk taking. This will depress earnings and market multiples.
  14. Higher interest rates and rates of inflation (after the crisis) and that will also depress stock market multiples.
  15. Whether or not we have a prolonged depression depends on the amount of corruption in Washington.
  16. Fed will not buy stocks. The same applies to Congress and SS funds. This would open up a huge can of worms that could potentially give the likes of AOC and radical liberals voting rights to all kinds of things including running the companies. Here's the Green New Deal, abide by it.
  17. Fed will not position rates below zero. No run on banks. The Fed has a printing press.
  18. The Elon Musk theory is this will all go away and we go back to buying $120K cars. But the market does not see it that way and neither do I.
  19. People will not forget this. This is not 911. It is not 1987.
  20. National crypto currencies coming. The next reserve currency will be a global crypto. It will not be Bitcoin.

Mish Comments on Bianco's Ideas

1: This is the second crisis in 12 years. The huge fear, and for the second time, is How Do I Pay the Bills? These scars will last.

3: The jobs estimates are too rosy still. Most of the estimates are for unemployment rates under 10%. The bare minimum I forsee is 12%. And that would be coupled with a U6 underemployment rate of close to 40%. For details and my calculations, please see 9% of the US Has Been Laid Off Due to the Coronavirus.

4: Earning estimates are going to dive. I commented Goldman Projects a Catastrophic GDP Decline Worse than Great Depression. Yet, despite these earnings forecasts, analysts expect the economy to be back near full strength by the 4th quarter. Toss that notion out the window. The recovery will be shallow and slow. Fair value might be 1800-2000 but markets tend to overshoot. The Fed short-circuited that process in 2009. Feelin' lucky this time?

5: New way of doing business. Just-in-time production strategies with no inventories are toast. It costs to hold inventory. There will be more production in the US as well. Trump won't like the result because the stock market won't like the result. Globalization is not over, but the rush to globalize everything is. The US, Europe, and China will all be more inward looking than before.

7: China has Suffered Permanent Damage. The Chinese economic miracle is done. Those who thought China would surpass the US are mistaken.

8: Gold and Silver Struggle Until We Find Equilibrium Level. Today's $76 surge, a 5% rally suggests we may have found that level already.

9: Huge Change in Risk Parity. Risk parity strategies allowed massive amounts of leverage by hedge funds and pension plans. But that strategy is over. Pension plans are in a world of hurt.

11: Whether we want it or not, fiscal stimulus is coming. Yet, the debate in Congress postponed it again. Democrats and Republicans are fighting over who gets what. Both sides are undoubtedly wrong here. Congress bailed out the banks last time and look what happened: only the wealthy benefited. But Democrats want 1100 pages of God knows what. Unfortunately, here we go again with "We have to pass the bill to see what's in it." This is not the time to be demanding a Green New Deal or crucifying small businesses with $15 minimum wages.

15: The Fed fears a collapse in credit. On that score, the Fed is correct. But once again, the Fed blew this bubble. If we save the banks and Boeing and the frackers, and throw the people under the bus, Bianco is correct: we have a prolonged depression. What's the perfect solution? There is none or if there is, I do not know what it is. We screwed up in 2001 and 2008. Is there any reason to believe we won't screw up again?

18: People won't go back to routinely buying $120K cars. In fact, car buying of all kinds will take a prolonged hit. Then within a few years, the whole idea of owning cars outright will change as true self-driving hits the road. Millennials do not see ownership of cars and homes as their boomer parents. This is part of the attitude adjustment process in point number 1.

20: Congress is going to issue checks. This is genuine helicopter money. Fed loans and repos aren't. It is going to take a while to process and send the checks. The Fed and Congress will present that delay as a national problem. The Fed will then push for and get a national cryptocurrency "for the people". Unlike Jim, I am not sure this leads to a global reserve crypto. I do not see the Fed or Congress or the president wanting to give up currency control. Perhaps this does happen down the line, but first things first: countries including the US will ban cash transactions. They will tout the benefits: Instant cash, fighting money laundering, fighting fraud, protecting us from the likes of Bitcoin. They will not tell you that the real purpose is to track every dollar in the system. We will have a loss of freedom, independence, and privacy as a direct result.

Constitutional Attack
In regards to the loss of freedom, independence, and privacy, I also fear something Jim did not mention: A constitutional attack on Habeas Corpus, the right to a speedy trial.
Rolling Stone and Politico both had recent articles on suspension of Habeas Corpus.
The Justice Department has quietly asked Congress for the ability to ask chief judges to detain people indefinitely without trial during emergencies — part of a push for new powers that comes as the novel coronavirus spreads throughout the United States.
Documents reviewed by POLITICO detail the department’s requests to lawmakers on a host of topics, including the statute of limitations, asylum and the way court hearings are conducted. POLITICO also reviewed and previously reported on documents seeking the authority to extend deadlines on merger reviews and prosecutions.
The move has tapped into a broader fear among civil liberties advocates and Donald Trump’s critics — that the president will use a moment of crisis to push for controversial policy changes.
There are 1100 pages in the emergency legislation. What's in it?
It is highly doubtful Democrats would grant such powers to a Republican. But if Republicans were in control of the House, such legislation could pass. Moreover, the same applies if Democrats held executive office and both branches of Congress.
Even if these fears are unfounded for now, it is disturbing, to say the least, that such powers are even requested.
Mike "Mish" Shedlock
Comments (96)

unemployment - Thoughts from the Frontline - Postcards from the Frontline - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail

Thoughts from the Frontline - Postcards from the Frontline - btbirkett@gmail.com - Gmail



Tens of Millions of Unemployed

Speaking of data, Thursday morning brought the sobering but unsurprising news that US initial jobless claims had jumped to a mind-boggling 3.3 million from just 211,000 two weeks ago. If there were any doubt whether recession is here, this should dispel it. We are in a crisis worse than 2008. Some are already calling it a “Depression” and they may be right.



Let me put the number in an even scarier light. Many who lost jobs either aren’t eligible for benefits, or haven’t applied because they think they aren’t eligible, or tried to apply and couldn’t. I suspect the real number of newly unemployed is well north of 10 million and will climb over the next few weeks. Having 20 million unemployed is possible if these lockdowns persist.

Mortgage Crisis and Fed Unintended Consequences

Mortgage Crisis and Fed Unintended Consequences





Mortgage Crisis and Fed Unintended Consequences

  Barry Habib

  Dan Habib

03/26/20206 min read

The Coronavirus Meltdown

The current Coronavirus crisis is having a critical impact on the Mortgage Industry, which could potentially make the 2008 financial crisis pale in comparison. The pressing issue centers around capital that’s required by Mortgage Lenders to be able to function and meet covenants that are required for them to continue to lend.

Here’s How the Mortgage Market Works

Let’s begin with the mortgage process. A borrower goes to a Mortgage Originator to obtain a mortgage. Once closed, the loan is handled by a Servicer, which may or may not be the same company that originated the loan. The borrower submits payments to the Servicer, however, the Servicer does not own the loan, they are simply maintaining the loan. This means collecting payments and forwarding them to the investor, paying taxes and insurance, answering questions, etc. While they maintain or “service” the loan, the asset itself is sold to an aggregator or directly to a government agency like Fannie Mae (FNMA), Freddie Mac (FHLMC), or Ginnie Mae (GNMA). The loan then gets placed inside a large bundle, which is put in the hands of an Investment Banker. That Investment Banker converts those loans into a Mortgage Backed Security (MBS) that can be sold to the public. This shows up in different investments like Mutual Funds, Insurance Plans, and Retirement Accounts.
The Servicer’s role is very critical. In order to obtain the right to service loans, the Servicer will typically pay 1% of the loan amount up front. The Servicer then receives a monthly payment or “strip” equal to about 30 basis points (bp) per year. Because they paid about 1% to obtain the servicing rights and receive roughly 30bp in annual income, the breakeven period is approximately 3 years. The longer that loan remains on the books, the more money that Servicer makes. In many cases, the Servicer might want to use leverage to increase their level of income. Therefore, they may often finance half of the cost of acquiring the loan and pay the rest in cash.
Servicing runoff, or even the anticipation of it, can adversely impact the market valuation of a servicing portfolio.

Servicer Dilemma

As you can imagine, when interest rates drop dramatically, there is an increased incentive for many people to refinance their loans more rapidly. This causes the loans that a Servicer had on their books to pay off sooner…often before that 3-year breakeven period. This servicing runoff creates losses for that Mortgage Lender who is servicing the loan. The more loans in a Mortgage Lender’s portfolio, the greater the loss. Servicing runoff, or even the anticipation of it, can adversely impact the market valuation of a servicing portfolio. But at the same time, Lenders typically experience an increase in new loan activity because of the decline in interest rates. This gives them additional income to help overcome the losses in their servicing portfolio.
But the Coronavirus has caused a virtual shutdown of the US economy, which has created an unprecedented amount of job losses. This adds a new risk to the servicer because borrowers may have difficulty paying their mortgage in a timely manner. And although the Servicer does not own the asset, they have the responsibility to make the payment to the investor, even if they have not yet received it from the borrower. Under normal circumstances, the Servicer has plenty of cushion to account for this. But an extreme level of delinquency puts the Servicer in an unmanageable position.

I’m From the Government and I’m Here to Help

In the Government’s effort to help those who have lost their jobs because of the Coronavirus shutdown, they have granted forbearance of mortgage payments for affected individuals. This presents an enormous obstacle for Servicers who are obligated to forward the mortgage payment to the investor, even though they have not yet received it. Fortunately, there is a new facility set up to help Mortgage Servicers bridge the gap to the investor. However, it is unclear as to how long it will take for Servicers to access this facility.
But what has not been yet contemplated is the fact that a borrower who does not make their very first mortgage payment causes that loan to be ineligible to be sold to an investor. This means that the Servicer must hold onto the asset itself, which ties up their available credit. And with so many new loans being originated of late, the amount of transactions that will not qualify for sale is significant. This restricts the Lender’s ability to clear their pipeline and get reimbursed with cash so they can now fund new transactions.
The Fed’s desire to bring mortgage rates down isn’t just damaging servicing portfolios because of prepayments, it’s also wreaking chaos in Lenders’ ability to hedge their risk.

Mark to Market

This week, due to accelerated prepayments and the uncertainty of repayment, the value of servicing was slashed in half from 1% to 0.5%. This drastic decrease in value prompted margin calls for the many Servicers who financed their acquisition of servicing. Additionally, the decreased value of a Lender’s servicing portfolio reduces the Lender’s overall net worth. Since the amount a Lender can lend is based on a multiple of their net worth, the decrease in value of their servicing portfolio asset, along with the cash paid for margin calls, reduces their capacity to lend.

Unintended Consequences

The Fed’s desire to bring mortgage rates down isn’t just damaging servicing portfolios because of prepayments, it’s also wreaking chaos in Lenders’ ability to hedge their risk. Let’s look at what happens when a borrower locks in their mortgage rate with a Mortgage Lender. Mortgage rates are based on the trading of Mortgage Backed Securities (MBS). As Mortgage Backed Securities rise in price, interest rates improve and move lower. A locked rate on a mortgage is nothing more than a Lender promising to hold an interest rate, for a period of time, or until the transaction closes. The Lender is at risk for any MBS price changes in the marketplace between the time they agreed to grant the lock and the time that the loan closes.
If rates were to rise because MBS prices declined, the Lender would be obligated to buy down the borrower’s mortgage rate to the level they were promised. And since the Lender doesn’t want to be in a position of gambling, they hedge their locked loans by shorting Mortgage Backed Securities. Therefore, should MBS drop in price, causing rates to rise, the Lender’s cost to buy down the borrower’s rate is offset by the Lender’s gains of their short positions in MBS.
Now think about what happens when MBS prices rise or improve, causing mortgage rates to decline. On paper, the Lender should be able to close the mortgage loan at a better price than promised to the borrower, giving the Lender additional profits. However, the Lender’s losses on their short position negate any additional profits from the improvement in MBS pricing. This hedging system works well to deliver the borrower what was promised, while removing market risk from the Lender.
But in an effort to reduce mortgage rates, the Fed has been purchasing an incredible amount of Mortgage Backed Securities, causing their price to rise dramatically and swiftly. This, in turn, causes the Lenders’ hedged short positions of MBS to show huge losses. These losses appear to be offset, on paper, by the potential market gains on the loans that the lender hopes to close in the future. But the Broker Dealer will not wait on the possibility of future loans closing and demands an immediate margin call. The recent amount that these Lenders are paying in margin calls is staggering. They run in the tens of millions of dollars. All this on top of the aforementioned stresses that Lenders are having to endure. So, while the Fed believes they are stimulating lending, their actions are resulting in the exact opposite. The market for Government Loans, Jumbo Loans, and loans that don’t fit ideal parameters, have all but dried up. And many Lenders have no choice but to slow their intake of transactions by throttling mortgage rates higher and by reducing the term that they are willing to guarantee a rate lock.
Furthering the Fed’s unintended consequences was the announcement to cut interest rates on the Fed Funds Rate by 1% to virtually zero. Because the Fed’s communication failed to educate the general public that the Fed Funds Rate is very different than mortgage rates, it prompted borrowers in process to break their locks and try to jump ship to a lower rate. This dramatically increased hedging losses from loans that didn’t end up closing.
It’s been said that the Stock market will do the most damage, to the most people, at the worst time.

Even Stephen King Could Not Have Scripted This

It’s been said that the Stock market will do the most damage, to the most people, at the worst time. And the current mortgage market is experiencing the most perfect storm. Just when volume levels were at the highest in history, servicing runoff at its peak, and pipelines hedged more than ever, the Coronavirus arrived.
Lenders need to clear their pipelines, but social distancing is making it more difficult for transactions to be processed. And those loans that are about to close require that employment be verified. As you can imagine, with millions of individuals losing their jobs, those mortgages are unable to fund, leaving lenders with more hedging losses and no income to offset it.

What Needs to Be Done Now

Fortunately, there are many smart people in the Mortgage Industry who are doing everything they can to navigate through these perilous times. But the Fed and our Government needs to stop making it more difficult. The Fed must temporarily slow MBS purchases to allow pipelines to clear. Lawmakers need to allow for first payment defaults, due to forbearance, to be saleable. And finally, the Fed must more clearly communicate that Mortgage Rates and the Fed Funds Rate are not the same.
We have faith that the effects of the Coronavirus will subside and that things will become more normalized in the upcoming months.
 

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